This article is intended to provide researchers with a better understanding of the process of using and interpreting the results from statistical significance tests. The current test is based on the P-value, which is the probability that the null hypothesis (H0) of the test statistics is true. If the P-value is small, it is unlikely that sampling statistics come from the population defined by H0 and so the null hypothesis is rejected. The decision whether to reject the null hypothesis or not is subject to error because that decision is determined from chance or probability. Hence, the significance of the test is not to say that the hypothesis is true or false, but to say that the chance or probability that the hypothesis is true or false, based on the sampling statistics.